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Review of underground logistic systems in the Netherlands: an ex-post evaluation of barriers, enablers and spin-offs
Wiegmans, Bart W.
Visser, Johan
Konings, Rob
Pielage, Ben-Jaap A.
2010
Abstract
Now, 10 years after the first plans, we analyse in this paper what has happened with Underground
Logistic Systems (ULS). The major question in this paper is: Which barriers and enablers led to the
failure of ULS and what ULS spin-offs can be found nowadays? Several factors can be classified as
barriers or enablers. The main conclusions that can be drawn are that the opportunities for try-out were
too limited; political support could have been gained on higher levels; the costs were too high, the
catchment area was too limited; ULS in itself is a very promising system, but there was no one clear goal.
In particular, the lack of a thorough and positive business model in combination with a lack of sufficient
freight volumes almost immediately guaranteed the failure of the initiative. The spin-offs seem to have
taken place in different directions: ranging from rather soft impacts (e.g. scientific knowledge) to more
hard developments (adopting and developing transport and tunnelling technologies), and, although
difficult to quantify, they are of great value.
Series
European Transport / Trasporti Europei
45
Publisher
EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste
Source
Wiegmans, B.W., Visser, J., Konings, R., Pielage, B.-J.A. (2010) Review of underground logistic systems in the Netherlands: an ex-post evaluation of barriers, enablers and spin-offs, European Transport \ Trasporti Europei, 45, pp. 34-49.
Languages
en
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