European Transport / Trasporti Europei (2011) 48/XVI

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CONTENTS

Special issue on: “Transport and urban economics” from the 4th Kuhmo-Nectar conference on held in Copenhagen from 29th June 2009 to 3rd July 2009

Mats Andersson
Marginal cost of railway infrastructure wear and tear for freight and passenger trains in Sweden

Immaculada Martínez-Zarzoso, Gordon Wilmsmeier
Trade responses to free trade: the case of latinamerican trade

Gila Albert, Tomer Toledo, Uri Ben-Zion
The role of personality factors in repeated route choice behavior: behavioral economics perspective

V. Thamizh Arasan, Shriniwas S. Arkatkar
Microsimulation study of vehicular interactions in heterogeneous traffic flow on intercity roads

Konstantinos Kepaptsoglou, Dimitra Pyrialakou, Christina Milioti, Matthew G. Karlaftis, Dimitros Tsamboulas
Bus lane violations: an exploration of causes

Francesca Pellegrino
The introduction of penalties for ship-source pollution in community law: recent developments

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 7
  • Publication
    European Transport / Trasporti Europei
    (EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2011)
      857  737
  • Publication
    The introduction of penalties for ship-source pollution in community law: recent developments
    (EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2011)
    Pellegrino, Francesca
    This article focuses on relevant European Directives and decisions affecting ship-source pollution, such as (1) Directive 2005/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 September 2005 on shipsource pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements: and (2) Council Framework Decision 2005/667/JHA of 12 July 2005 to strengthen the criminal-law framework for the enforcement of the law against ship-source pollution. The vacuum created by the two judgments of the European Court of Justice in Cases C-176/03 and C-440/05 (both) Commission v. Council, annulling Council Framework Decision 2005/667/JHA, was filled in by Directive 2009/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 amending Directive 2005/35/EC on ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements. The penalties introduced by the Directive cover offences committed by natural and legal persons. The purpose of this Directive is to incorporate international standards for ship-source pollution into European law and to ensure that persons responsible for discharges of polluting substances are subject to adequate penalties, including criminal penalties, in order to improve maritime safety and to enhance protection of the marine environment from pollution by ships.
      1790  3107
  • Publication
    Bus lane violations: an exploration of causes
    (EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2011)
    Kepaptsoglou, Konstantinos
    ;
    Pyrialakou, Dimitra
    ;
    Milioti, Christina
    ;
    Karlafatis, Matthew G.
    ;
    Tsamboulas, Dimitrios
    Bus lanes have been widely implemented internationally for improving the performance and quality-ofservice of surface transit systems. Despite their importance to a city’s transit system, bus lanes are frequently violated by road users resulting in subpar service standards. Using extensive field data measurements from Athens, Greece, we analyze violation rates and study their effects on bus lane operational characteristics. Results indicate that: i. reduced perceived enforcement increases violation rates; ii. congestion in adjacent lanes significantly affects bus lane violation characteristics; and, iii. bus speeds are significantly reduced with increased violations.
      1642  1872
  • Publication
    Microsimulation study of vehicular interactions in heterogeneous traffic flow on intercity roads
    (EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2011)
    Arasan, V. Thamizh
    ;
    Arkatkar, Shriniwas S.
    Study of the basic traffic flow characteristics and comprehensive understanding of vehicular interaction are the pre-requisites for highway capacity and level of service analyses and formulation of effective traffic regulation and control measures. This is better done by modeling the system, which will enable the study of the influencing factors over a wide range. Computer simulation has emerged as an effective technique for modeling traffic flow due to its capability to account for the randomness related to traffic. This paper is concerned with application of a simulation model of heterogeneous traffic flow, named HETEROSIM, to study the relationships between traffic flow variables such as traffic volume and speed. Further, the model is also applied to quantify the vehicular interaction in terms of Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) or Passenger Car Unit (PCU), taking a stretch of an intercity road in India as the case for the study. The results of the study, provides an insight into the complexity of the vehicular interaction in heterogeneous traffic.
      2030  2656
  • Publication
    The role of personality factors in repeated route choice behavior: behavioral economics perspective
    (EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2011)
    Albert, Gila
    ;
    Toledo, Tomer
    ;
    Ben-Zion, Uri
    This paper is based on an in-laboratory experiment and aims to explore the impact of various personality factors on route-choice behavior in the presence of partial pre-trip travel time information. Specifically, these factors are geographic ability and sensation seeking characteristics. The results show that while the variables related to perceived and realized travel times are important, the personality factors are also significant. Drivers with lower geographic abilities tended to use the main route more often and to switch their routes less often, compared to those with higher capabilities. Drivers who scored higher on sensation seeking tended to switch their routes more frequently, compared to other drivers.
      1474  2436