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Now showing 1 - 5 of 9
  • Publication
    No need to regulate airports with predominantly non-aeronautical revenues
    (2012-12-19)
    Kratzsch, Uwe
    ;
    Sieg, Gernot
    This paper analyzes a profit-maximizing private airport with market power in providing aeronautical services. Our model implies that airports with ample capacity may voluntarily abstain from abusing their market power if non-aeronautical revenues are airports’ main source of income. In this case, a price regulation that is confined to the aviation business will be unnecessary from a welfare point of view.
      1175  2065
  • Publication
    Genetic algorithm fuzzy clustering using GPS data for defining level of service criteria of urban streets
    (2012-12-19)
    Mohapatra, Smruti Sourava
    ;
    Bhuyan, P.K
    ;
    Rao, K.V.Krishna
    Developing countries like India need to have proper Level of Service (LOS) criteria for various traffic facilities as this helps in planning, design of transportation projects and also allocating resources to the competing projects. The LOS analysis for urban street followed in India is an adaptation of HCM-2000 methodology but the methodology is relevant for developed countries having homogenous traffic flow. In this research an attempt has been made to establish a framework to define LOS criteria of urban street in Indian context keeping in mind the geometric and surrounding environmental characteristics. Defining LOS criteria is basically a classification problem for which cluster analysis is a suitable technique can be applied. In this research a hybrid algorithm comprising of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Fuzzy C-mean is utilized. As input to the clustering algorithm GA-Fuzzy a lot of speed data is required. From literature review GPS is found to be a suitable tool for collecting second by second speed data and GIS is suitable in handling large amount of speed data. The clustering algorithm is used twice in this study. First the GA-Fuzzy algorithm was used to classify Free Flow Speed (FFS) data into number of classes in order to get the FFS ranges of different urban street classes. To determine the optimal number of cluster using FFS data five cluster validation parameters are considered. After getting the FFS ranges for different urban street classes the same GA-Fuzzy algorithm is used on average travel speed data collected during both peak and off-peak hours to determine the speed ranges of different LOS categories. From this analysis the free flow speed ranges for different urban street classes and the speed ranges for different LOS categories are defined and the values are found to be lower than that suggested by HCM-2000. The coherence of the clustering result in classification of urban streets into four classes and speed values into six LOS categories is agreed with the physical and surrounding environmental characteristics of road segments under the study area. From this analysis it is also found that good LOS can’t be expected from urban street segment for which physical and surrounding environmental characteristics are not good.
      1330  2828
  • Publication
    The impact of differentiated control on the performance of foliated transportation networks
    (2012-12-19)
    Kalantari, Joakim
    The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of differentiated control on the performance of a Foliated Transportation Network (FTN). The network models are evaluated through discrete event simulation. Empirical input data and parameters have been drawn from a case company. The study shows that moderately increased levels of differentiation improve the network performance. However diminishing returns with regards to increased levels of differentiation suggest that the necessary effort to account for the real time dynamics of the network is likely infeasible. Satisfactory results can be achieved utilizing a static approximation of the network dynamics. Substantial efficiency improvements are feasible to achieve using FTN logic which may be implemented with relatively small modification to existing systems and without the immediate need for extensive investments in new technology.
      966  1342
  • Publication
    Urban transport in India: issues, challenges, and the way forward
    (2012-12-19)
    Singh, Sanjay Kumar
    Cities and towns play a vital role in promoting economic growth and prosperity. Although less than one-third of India’s people live in cities and towns, these areas generate over two-third of the country’s income and account for 90% of government revenues. In the coming years, as India becomes more and more urbanized, urban areas will play a critical role in sustaining high rates of economic growth. But, economic growth momentum can be sustained if and only if cities function efficiently - that their resources are used to maximize the cities’ contribution to national income. City efficiency largely depends upon the effectiveness of its transport systems, that is, efficacy with which people and goods are moved throughout the city. Poor transport systems stifle economic growth and development, and the net effect may be a loss of competitiveness in both domestic as well as international markets. Although Indian cities have lower vehicle ownership rate, number of vehicles per capita, than their counterparts in developed countries, they suffer from worse congestion, delay, pollution, and accidents than cities in the industrialized world. This paper provides an overview of urban transport issues and challenges in India. Rather than covering every aspect of urban transportation, it primarily focuses on those areas that are important from policy point of view. The paper first reviews the trends of vehicular growth and availability of transport infrastructure in Indian cities. This is followed by a discussion on the nature and magnitude of urban transport problems such as congestion, pollution and road accidents. Building on this background, the paper proposes policy measures to improve urban transportation in India.
      1986  35412
  • Publication
    Public tendering of ferry services in Europe
    (EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2012-09-11)
    Baird, Alfred J.
    ;
    Wilmsmeier, Gordon
    This paper outlines the EU regulatory framework and analyses current practice in four European countries in respect of public procurement and tendering of ferry services. Tender management for major ferry services resides with national government agencies, while tenders for smaller volume regional and/or inter-isles services are generally managed by local authorities and/or regional transport authorities. Operator selection criteria increasingly emphasises service quality aspects, and environmental impacts, as well as price (i.e. amount of subsidy required). There is a continued trend towards privately-owned operators providing and investing in essential ferry services, with an increasing role played by larger international integrated transport organisations. For transport authorities, ferry service procurement involves a continuous evolutionary process of specifying, offering, selecting, monitoring and reviewing services supplied. Based on the information collected and analysed, the authors have developed a ‘tender route map’ which explains the different stages and key issues concerning public procurement of ferry services.
      1309  730